Why I love archival research: Lewis Hine and Rushdie

My college experience was perhaps a bit different from many of you. I was very lucky to be able to design my own curriculum around what turned out to be an entire year’s worth of independent study classes. Perhaps that set the tone for my working life, where much of my day is spent doing research and writing articles and designing my presentations.

I thought about this during the past week when I read in the NY Times about the digital archives of novelist Salman Rushdie that is being curated at Emory University in Atlanta. Rushdie was fanatical about keeping digital copies of all of his work product and donated his older Macs to the university several years ago. Since then, a team of computer programmers has been working on ways to make it more accessible to researchers.

What does this have to do with my own education? One of my independent classes was to research and create a series of photographs that mimicked well-known photographers of the past. One of them was Lewis Hine, who created a series of images of underage factory and mill workers around 1910 before there were any child labor laws. Some of his work is kept at the Library of Congress. As part of my independent study, I went to DC and got to see his pictures firsthand.

It was fascinating to be able to walk into the archives and within a few minutes have these old photos in front of me. And what was even better was that for a small fee, I could have the government make contemporary prints from some of the original negatives. I thought, how cool can this be? It was then that I got interested in what archivists do. And even cooler, I can link to it on the Web now.

Fast forward to today. Now we have to deal with what archivists call born digital works. This means that instead of paper copies, we have to deal with preserving computer files that were never or infrequently printed out. My Hine negatives and prints aren’t an issue – other than their deteriorating condition, you can still take a 4×5 negative and print it out on modern enlargers and so forth.

But there is a problem if we are trying to view the records of someone who creates digital content so that later historians and even the general public can go back and examine them. This is where it gets tricky, and we run into issues.

As an IT person, you initially might say: this is simple, just make bulk copies or image the hard drives and you are done. But wait. Some of the programs are no longer available. Newer versions don’t necessarily read very old file formats. As an example, try buying a version of a 1990s era software program today. And even if you can find it on eBay or in your attic, it might be difficult to run it on modern hardware.

That is the situation that the Emory archivists found themselves in when they got Rushdie’s old Macs. But through some hard work, they have been able to reconstruct things and allow us to become immersed in the complete environment that Rushdie was working in at the time he was writing his books. You can view the same files, work through the revisions and edits that he made, and be completely brought back to the past, care of some very clever programming tricks.

You can read more about what the team of programmers and archivists have done to set up this exhibit and what they are doing with all the materials that Rushdie donated to the library here.

What struck me was that I doubt many of us could even attempt to recreate the computing environments that we have had over our careers, let alone last year. Granted, it isn’t like some university is knocking on my door wanting my Model 200 Radio Shack, not that I have kept it or many of the other computers that I have used over the past 30 years. Nor would I want to turn over my old PCs and Macs, even if I had them, to the world to see what is all on them. But still. I do have copies of many of my previous’ years work on my hard drive. Sometimes I actually do search for something that I wrote and even find it, but most of the time these files remain untouched. I took a quick look at what I have been carting around with me digitally speaking and it is a real mess. I have presentations in software that is no longer in my possession, documents in Xywrite (which for the most part are text files that I can still open and read), and older versions of accounting software (DOS QuickBooks, anyone). Speaking of DOS, trying to decode an eight letter file name into a meaningful article is an exercise in frustration. I can’t imagine what an archivist would have to deal with if I am having problems.

I will have more to say about this for an article I am writing for Baseline magazine. In the meantime, I am enjoying looking at Hine’s photos again, you can find many of them easily online. And I don’t have to leave my office either. This Web thing is pretty cool.

Markmonitor Brandjacking Report: 2009 in review

While 2009 was a year of economic downturn for most legitimate businesses, fraudsters worked overtime to trap unwary Internet victims.  In this edition of the Brandjacking Index, we look at the overall trends for 2009. We found that con artists are exploiting the economy and sharpening their targets at well-known brands for their own profit. Cybersquatting continues as the tool of choice and there was a big increase in phishing attacks last year, particularly targeted at financial services businesses.

You can download the report here (registration required).

ITexpertVoice: Prowess SmartDeploy Eases Windows 7 Migration

SmartDeploy is a software tool that converts virtual machine disk files into Windows Image files that can be used to deploy new OSs, including Windows 7, across an enterprise. This screencast demonstrates its features. SmartDeploy is easier to use than Microsoft’s WAIK, and Kbox, both of which we reviewed earlier on ITexpertVoice.com.
You can watch the video here:
http://itexpertvoice.com/home/prowess-smartdeploy-eases-windows-7-migration/#more-1781

ITexpertVoice: Prowess SmartDeploy Eases Windows 7 Migration

SmartDeploy is a software tool that converts virtual machine disk files into Windows Image files that can be used to deploy new OSs, including Windows 7, across an enterprise. This screencast demonstrates its features. SmartDeploy is easier to use than Microsoft’s WAIK, and Kbox, both of which we reviewed earlier on ITexpertVoice.com.
You can watch the video here:
http://itexpertvoice.com/home/prowess-smartdeploy-eases-windows-7-migration/#more-1781

Warnings about Wifi-enabled air travel

I have been on a few planes in the past couple of weeks that are Wifi-enabled. American has created an entirely new opportunity for identity thieves here, and while the opportunity to surf and email at 30,000 feet is tempting, count me out for those that will become frequent users.

The problem is that most people get lost in the wonderfulness of the Web and tend to forget that their seatmates can watch every move, see every keystroke (it doesn’t take much to follow along, especially at the speed that many people type), and collect all sorts of information. By the end of one flight I was on, I had Larry (not his real name) the HP sales rep’s Amazon account, read several of his emails, got to see his new sales presentations that HP corporate sales office had sent him, figured out that he was a recent hire as he was checking HP’s Intranet to understand some corporate travel policies, found out who his clients that he had just visited were, and more.

Now, I wasn’t really paying that much attention. I was tired, and just wanted to be left by myself for the trip. And I think we exchanged maybe ten words between us all told. But if I really wanted to do some damage, I could be all over Larry’s accounts by now (he had some nice taste from what I could see he was looking for on Amazon, too).

Yes, people have been using laptops on planes for years. I used to do it all the time, back when the middle seat was rarely occupied and you didn’t have to almost disrobe to get to the gate. But those days are almost as much part of history as calling the people that worked on planes stews. The difference is now that we have Internet piped directly to the seat, people are free to go anywhere and everywhere, and where they go are places that are critical to their life. I wouldn’t be surprised if someone was doing their online banking in-flight.

So people, if you are going online up in the air, get a privacy filter for your laptop so that no one else can see your screen. They cost about $30. This isn’t complex technology: it has been available almost as long as Windows has been around. And while you are at it, dim your screens to save on power anyway (Larry had one of those nifty power-packs to boost his battery, too). Or better yet: don’t work on anything important on a crowded plane – and these days, what other kinds of planes are there? Bring a book or watch a movie if you must be immersed in your electronic cocoon.

I am reminded of a story from my early days as a reporter for PC Week, back in the late 1980s. We were very scoop-oriented, and would always try to get information from the vendors through all sorts of means, some of them probably unethical or at least uncomfortable in the light of the present day. One of our reporters was having dinner with her boyfriend (now husband) at a quaint and cozy Cambridge Mass. restaurant, and overhead two businessmen at the next table gossiping about work. What was unusual was they were speaking rapid German, and both were working for Lotus Development, at the time a powerhouse spreadsheet player. They were in town to discuss the company’s future product plans. Trouble was, my colleague spoke German fluently, and got a couple of scoops that were published the next week in the paper. No one knew who the source of the leak was.

Remember loose lips sink ships, the World War 2 posters put up by the government? We need something similar on Wifi-enabled planes. Be careful out there people. You never know whom you are sitting next to.

Datamation: Three Steps to High Availability Virtual Machines

As enterprises become more involved in virtualizing their servers, they are finding that virtualization can deliver more than just better utilization of their computing resources. But the potential risk for downtime can increase substantially. The value of one particular physical server goes up as it carries more and more virtual machines (VMs) running on it. This makes having a failover solution more important.

You can read the entire article that was posted today here in Datamation.com

ITExpertVoice screencast: Using Windows AIK to Automate Windows 7 Deployment

If you are looking for a way to do massive Windows 7 migration, Microsoft has updated its own tool sets for this purpose, called the Windows Automated Installation Kit or WAIK. It has a lot of new features for both Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2. This screencast shows how it works:

http://itexpertvoice.com/home/using-windows-aik-to-automate-windows-7-deployment/

Managing the multiplatform mess

I have been using Pandora’s online stream music service off and on for several years. What got me more interested lately was it being one of the many services on my Roku video streaming box, which my wife and I use mostly for watching movies from Netflix’s “watch instantly” queue.

As I investigated the service more, I came to understand exactly the challenge of what it takes to be truly multi-platform in the current era. It isn’t just about having both Web and mobile phone versions of your service, but how you have to go deep into a lot of different devices to appeal to your customers.

The cool thing about Pandora isn’t that you can create your own custom radio station that will try to find music based on a particular artist or genre. But that once you set up your account on one platform, you can access it in your car, in your home, and on the road in between. All with the same collection of stations and music. As you spend more time with the service, it tries to figure out your likes and dislikes.

Let’s look at all the various places you can get your Pandora fix as an example of how hard it is to become this ubiquitous. First is the Web browser: you have to work in a bunch of them properly, so there is the usual testing in IE, Firefox, Chrome, Opera and Safari. Add Mac, Windows and Linux versions of each browser, and that’s 15 regression tests right off the bat. But we have just gotten started. Add in the newer brower versions, like IE8, the fact that Linux isn’t a single OS, and 64 bit Windows. Then stir in support for both Flash and HTML v5, and you can easily get more than 200 different environments if you want to support a wider base. Pandora, by the way, doesn’t officially support much beyond Flash on Firefox, IE, and Safari on Mac and Windows.

Then we have separate apps for each of the five mobile phone platforms (Blackberry, iPhone, Android, Palm Pre, and Windows Mobile) and four cellular providers because their phones work differently on each network. Never mind that each phone’s ecosystem has different rules on how an app can get posted for download and get itself updated. There are at least twenty different tests there. The phone apps have to be designed to work with the limited screen real estate available on each phone, and yet still connect to your account in a way that you can recognize without a lot of user training. Some of the phones have different screen and control button configurations, so just supporting the Blackberry line, for example, isn’t so simple. You also need to get the development environment for the phone (typically these run on PCs with simulators that show you what your phone user will end us seeing) and probably a bunch of phones to test out too.

But wait, there is more. How about Facebook, My Space, and other social networks? Don’t you want to integrate with them and leverage them to make your app viral? More code to write, more interfaces to learn, more tests to run to make sure you new versions don’t break these links.

Then there is support for the home-based entertainment systems. While each of these have some embedded Web browser in them (like the Roku or the Samsung BluRay DVD players), you still have to test to make sure that the pages load properly and the music keeps on playing and your fancy navigation controls operate as intended. There are more than a dozen different devices, including the Ford Sync in-car service that will be available later this year, to test out. The trouble here is that these devices typically have older and less capable browsers that don’t get updated, unlike the PC world where users are trying out new versions.

As you can see, it is easy to lose count of how many different platforms you want your app to run on. And then if you have to make choices and limit yourself, how do you do the triage? Do you drop Andoid in favor of Roku? Bring up the new Ford Sync API and leave the Pre to wither away? The user populations of each of these communities is constantly changing, as sales wax and wane.

It is enough to make many of us long for the simple days of the 1990s, when we just had to worry about Mac vs. Windows support.

I got the idea to look at Pandora from an article in today’s NY Times. And while the service can wreak havoc on corporate networks (lots of folks start the audio stream and then walk away from their PCs), I think they are doing exactly the right kind of things when it comes to managing their multiplatform strategy.

Better backups, faster restores with SEPATON DeltaStor deduplication technology

SEPATON’s S2100 is a virtual tape library backup appliance that can work to significantly reduce backup completion and restore times and cut down on storage requirements. It has a flexible capacity to hold from 10TB to over 1 PB and a wide collection of policies that can be crafted to particular applications and circumstances.

We tested a unit on a live network with actual production data with Firefox running on Windows XP in March 2010.

Price: starts at $110,500.
Backup products supported include Symantec’s NetBackup, IBM Tivoli
Storage Manager, EMC NetWorker and HP Data Protector.

SEPATON S2100-ES2 v5
400 Nickerson Road
Marlborough, MA 01752
Sepaton.com
508 490 7900